Generalized Ratio Control of Discrete-Time Systems

This chapter exposes the important connection between ratio control and the state control reflecting equality constraint for linear discrete-time systems, which allows significant reduction in computational complexity and efforts. Based on an enhanced bounded real lemma form, to outperform known approaches, the existence of the state feedback for such defined singular task is proven, and the design procedure based on the linear matrix inequalities is provided. The proposed principle, guaranteeing feasibility of the set of inequalities, improves steady-state accuracy of the ratio control and essentially reduces the design effort. The approach is illustrated on simulation examples, where the validity of the proposed method is demonstrated

Fault Residuals Based on Distributed Discrete-Time Linear Kalman Filtering

The chapter is concerned with the application of distributed discrete-time linear Kalman filtering with decentralized structure of sensors in fault residual generation. Two variants of distributed Kalman filtering algorithms are introduced, giving the incidence of equivalent functional realization structure of fault residual filters. The obtained solutions use Kalman filter innovations in a nonstandard way to generate residuals with significantly higher dynamic signal range. The obtained results, offering structures for fault detection filter realization, are illustrated with a numerical example to note the effectiveness of the approach

Stabilizing Fuzzy Control via Output Feedback

The chapter presents new conditions suitable in design of stabilizing static as well as dynamic output controllers for a class of continuous-time nonlinear systems represented by Takagi-Sugeno models. Taking into account the affine properties of the TS model structure, and applying the fuzzy control scheme relating to the parallel-distributed output compensators, the sufficient design conditions are outlined in the terms of linear matrix inequalities. Depending on the proposed procedures, the Lyapunov matrix can be decoupled from the system parameter matrices using linear matrix inequality techniques or a fuzzy-relaxed approach can be applied to make closed-loop dynamics faster. Numerical examples illustrate the design procedures and demonstrate the performances of the proposed design methods

A Reduced-Order TS Fuzzy Observer Scheme with Application to Actuator Faults Reconstruction

This paper focuses on the principle for designing reduced-order fuzzy-observer-based actuator fault reconstruction for a class of nonlinear systems. The problem addressed can be indicated as an approach for a kind of reduced-order fuzzy observer design with special gain matrix structure that depends on a given matching condition specification. Using the Lyapunov theory, the stability conditions are obtained and expressed in terms of linear matrix inequalities, and the conditions for asymptotic estimation of actuator faults are derived. Simulation results illustrate the observer design procedure and demonstrate the actuator fault reconstruction effectiveness and performance

FTC with Dynamic Virtual Actuators: Characterization via Dynamic Output Controllers and H

The paper presents new conditions, adequate in design of dynamic virtual actuators and utilizable in fault-tolerant control structures (FTC) for continuous-time linear systems, which are stabilizable by dynamic output controllers. Taking into account disturbance conditions and changes of variables in FTC after virtual actuator activation and applying the nominal control scheme relating to the biproper dynamic output controller of prescribed order, the design conditions are outlined in terms of the linear matrix inequalities within the enhanced bounded real lemma forms. Using a free tuning parameter in design, and with suitable choice of the controller order, the approach provides the way to obtain acceptable dynamics of the closed-loop system after activation of the dynamic virtual actuator

Enhanced Principles in Design of Adaptive Fault Observers

In this chapter, modified techniques for fault estimation in linear dynamic systems are proposed, which give the possibility to simultaneously estimate the system state as well as slowly varying faults. Using the continuous-time adaptive observer form, the considered faults are assumed to be additive, thereby the principles can be applied for a broader class of fault signals. Enhanced algorithms using H∞ approach are provided to verify stability of the observers, giving algorithms with improved performance of fault estimation. Exploiting the procedure for transforming the model with additive faults into an extended form, the proposed technique allows to obtain fault estimates that can be used for fault compensation in the fault tolerant control scheme. Analyzing the ambit of performances given on the mixed H2/H∞ design of the fault tolerant control, the joint design conditions are formulated as a minimization problem subject to convex constraints expressed by a system of linear matrix inequalities. Applied enhanced design conditions increase estimation rapidity also in noise environment and formulate a general framework for fault estimation using augmented or adaptive observer structures and active fault tolerant control in linear dynamic systems

Optimal Fuzzy Control for a Class of Nonlinear Systems

The paper presents conditions suitable in design giving quadratic performances to stabilizing controllers for given class of continuous-time nonlinear systems, represented by Takagi-Sugeno models. Based on extended Lyapunov function and slack matrices, the design conditions are outlined in the terms of linear matrix inequalities to possess a stable structure closest to LQ performance, if premise variables are measurable. Simulation results illustrate the design procedure and demonstrate the performances of the proposed control design method

Fuzzy Fault Detection Filter Design for One Class of Takagi-Sugeno Systems

The constrained unitary formalism to fuzzy fault detection filter synthesis for one class of nonlinear systems, representable by continuous-time Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy models, is presented in the chapter. In particular, a way to produce the special set of matrix parameters of the fuzzy filter is proposed to obtain the desired H ∞ norm properties of the filter transfer function matrix. The significance of the treatment in relation to the systems under influence of actuator faults is analyzed in this context, and relations to corresponding setting of singular values of filters are discussed

Interval observers design for systems with ostensible Metzler system matrices

This paper attempts to resolve the problem concerning the interval observers design for linear systems with ostensible Metzler system matrices. Because system dynamics matrices are partially different from strictly Metzler structures, a solution is achieved by constructing a composed system matrix representation, which combines pre-compensated interval matrix structures fixed with a prescribed region of D-stability and the reconstructed strictly Metzler matrix structure, related to the original interval system matrix parameter definition. A novel design procedure is presented, which results in a strictly positive observer gain matrix and guarantees that the lower estimates of the positive state variables are non-negative when considering the given system structure and the non-negative system state initial values. The design is computationally simple since it is reduced to the feasibility of the set of linear matrix inequalities

Unitary Approximations in Fault Detection Filter Design

The paper is concerned with the fault detection filter design requirements that relax the existing conditions reported in the previous literature by adapting the unitary system principle in approximation of fault detection filter transfer function matrix for continuous-time linear MIMO systems. Conditions for the existence of a unitary construction are presented under which the fault detection filter with a unitary transfer function can be designed to provide high residual signals sensitivity with respect to faults. Otherwise, reflecting the emplacement of singular values in unitary construction principle, an associated structure of linear matrix inequalities with built-in constraints is outlined to design the fault detection filter only with a Hurwitz transfer function. All proposed design conditions are verified by the numerical illustrative examples